Generator

coarse-stencil

One function in the grid2d library, called 7 times across 5 essays. Below: what it draws at its defaults, what it draws at every value an essay asks for, the 7 claims it put to the test while drawing them, and where it stands against the rule this site is named for.

At its defaults it draws the galerkin operator at level 1: nine points. A three-by-three arrangement of discs carrying the stencil's coefficients, with the zero positions drawn small, beside a bar chart of stored entries per row at each level of the hierarchy.

coarse-stencil is one function in lib/figures/grid2d.js — two dimensions — where the galerkin identity stops being an identity. Everything below came out of it during this build, at arguments taken from the essays rather than invented for this page. A figure here is the figure a reader meets in an essay, and if the generator changes, this page changes with it.

At its defaults

Drawn even though every essay passes arguments — which on this site is every essay, at 100% of placements since the standard pass. A default nothing exercises is a trap for the next essay to call this with none, and this is the page where a default that has drifted from the figures around it becomes visible.

The Galerkin operator at level 1: nine pointsA three-by-three arrangement of discs carrying the stencil's coefficients, with the zero positions drawn small, beside a bar chart of stored entries per row at each level of the hierarchy.-0.0833-0.167-0.0833-0.1671-0.167-0.0833-0.167-0.0833R · A · P, normalised to a unit centrestored entries per rowlevel 0 · 31×314.87/rowlevel 1 · 15×158.22/rowlevel 2 · 7×77.37/rowlevel 3 · 3×35.44/rowlevel 4 · 1×11.00/rowstill a stencil, still annihilates a constantentries in an interior row9weight outside the 3×30row sum0the isotropic model problemnine, at every level below the first

A three-by-three arrangement of discs carrying the stencil's coefficients, with the zero positions drawn small, beside a bar chart of stored entries per row at each level of the hierarchy.

level: 1

The arguments are the ones Elimination is a sequence of choices passes. A value drawn at the generator's defaults instead would be a picture no essay asked for and no assertion has been run against.

The Galerkin operator at level 1: nine pointsA three-by-three arrangement of discs carrying the stencil's coefficients, with the zero positions drawn small, beside a bar chart of stored entries per row at each level of the hierarchy.-0.0833-0.167-0.0833-0.1671-0.167-0.0833-0.167-0.0833R · A · P, normalised to a unit centrestored entries per rowlevel 0 · 31×314.87/rowlevel 1 · 15×158.22/rowlevel 2 · 7×77.37/rowlevel 3 · 3×35.44/rowlevel 4 · 1×11.00/rowstill a stencil, still annihilates a constantentries in an interior row9weight outside the 3×30row sum0the isotropic model problemnine, at every level below the first

A three-by-three arrangement of discs carrying the stencil's coefficients, with the zero positions drawn small, beside a bar chart of stored entries per row at each level of the hierarchy.

level: 0

The arguments are the ones The coarse problem is a different problem passes. A value drawn at the generator's defaults instead would be a picture no essay asked for and no assertion has been run against.

The fine operator: five pointsA three-by-three arrangement of discs carrying the stencil's coefficients, with the zero positions drawn small, beside a bar chart of stored entries per row at each level of the hierarchy.0-0.250-0.251-0.250-0.250the discretisationstored entries per rowlevel 0 · 31×314.87/rowlevel 1 · 15×158.22/rowlevel 2 · 7×77.37/rowlevel 3 · 3×35.44/rowlevel 4 · 1×11.00/rowstill a stencil, still annihilates a constantentries in an interior row5weight outside the 3×30row sum0the isotropic model problemfive points

A three-by-three arrangement of discs carrying the stencil's coefficients, with the zero positions drawn small, beside a bar chart of stored entries per row at each level of the hierarchy.

What it checked while drawing

Every figure above asserted its own claims on the way to being drawn, and a claim that failed would have failed the build rather than drawn a wrong picture. Those assertions used to leave no trace at all: a passing one returned true and the only evidence the figure had checked anything was that nothing crashed. The list below is what they actually said, collected by running this generator with an observer installed — not a description of what it is believed to check.

7 distinct claims across 3 sets of arguments, grouped below by shape — because most of them are one sentence with a different number in it, and how many separate times that sentence was put to the test is the informative part.

a level inside the hierarchy

and every coarse one has nine

and one the hierarchy reaches

the fine operator has five entries in an interior row

the grid size is one less than a power of two

the operator restricted to a 3×3 neighbourhood is the whole row

the stencil still annihilates a constant

Against the rule

The rule does not apply to it. It factorises nothing, so there is no residual it could be withholding. That is worth stating rather than leaving blank: a site that reported the rule as satisfied by every generator would be counting mostly generators the rule never reached.

Across the library: the rule bites on 52 of 99 generators — 37 print a residual and 15 are exempt with a published reason; 47 factorise nothing. Read from lib/residual-rule.js, which is the same body the gate enforces from, and the gate's last check fails the build if this page and it disagree about any generator.

Where it is called

Changing this generator changes every figure on this list. That is what makes the list worth publishing rather than keeping in a check script.

Elimination, and the swap

Elimination is a sequence of choices

Gaussian elimination is taught as a procedure with no decisions in it. There is one decision at every step — which row to use — and every stability property the algorithm has comes from making it well.

Iterating, instead of factorising

Smoothing a whole line at once

Solve every grid line in the strong direction exactly rather than sweeping over it, and the smoothing factor goes from 0.9993 back to 0.3340 — which is the one-dimensional answer, on a problem that is not one-dimensional. The repair replaces one ε in the closed form by a one.

Iterating, instead of factorising

The coarse problem is a different problem

In one dimension the Galerkin coarse operator is the coarse discretisation, entry for entry — this site asserted it. In two dimensions a five-point operator produces a nine-point coarse one, so the recursion solves a different discretisation at every level below the first, and converges at 0.20 a cycle regardless.

Eigenvalues, singular values, rank

The form that makes it affordable

One Householder reduction, done once, turns every subsequent iteration of the eigenvalue algorithm from cubic to quadratic cost. It changes no answer at all, which is why it is easy to describe as an optimisation and wrong to.

Iterating, instead of factorising

The same problem on a coarser grid

Restriction, the coarse operator and interpolation are three matrices with nine distinct entries between them. Two of the three are each other's transpose, and their product with the fine operator is the coarse discretisation exactly — not approximately, entry for entry, at every level.

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