Generator

singular-scatter

One function in the pencil library, called 7 times across 1 essay. Below: what it draws at its defaults, what it draws at every value an essay asks for, the 10 claims it put to the test while drawing them, and where it stands against the rule this site is named for.

At its defaults it draws eigenvalues of a singular 6×6 pencil after a perturbation of 10^-8, over 8 seeds. A and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-8 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 1.8·10⁻⁹ — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 3.7·10¹⁰ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 66.4, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.

singular-scatter is one function in lib/figures/pencil.js — pencils — two matrices, an eigenvalue with no value, and a problem with no answer. Everything below came out of it during this build, at arguments taken from the essays rather than invented for this page. A figure here is the figure a reader meets in an essay, and if the generator changes, this page changes with it.

At its defaults

Drawn even though every essay passes arguments — which on this site is every essay, at 100% of placements since the standard pass. A default nothing exercises is a trap for the next essay to call this with none, and this is the page where a default that has drifted from the figures around it becomes visible.

Eigenvalues of a singular 6×6 pencil after a perturbation of 10^-8, over 8 seedsA and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-8 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 1.8·10⁻⁹ — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 3.7·10¹⁰ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 66.4, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.-40-27-14-11225380123456789computed eigenvalueseedevery mark has a residual below 10⁻⁸a small residual, and no answercoefficients of det(A − λB)0worst residual over all seeds1.8·10⁻⁹spread of the answers66seeds drawn8the residual is small at every markand none of the marks means anything

A and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-8 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 1.8·10⁻⁹ — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 3.7·10¹⁰ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 66.4, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.

logEps: -8

The arguments are the ones A problem with no answer passes. A value drawn at the generator's defaults instead would be a picture no essay asked for and no assertion has been run against.

Eigenvalues of a singular 6×6 pencil after a perturbation of 10^-8, over 8 seedsA and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-8 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 1.8·10⁻⁹ — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 3.7·10¹⁰ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 66.4, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.-40-27-14-11225380123456789computed eigenvalueseedevery mark has a residual below 10⁻⁸a small residual, and no answercoefficients of det(A − λB)0worst residual over all seeds1.8·10⁻⁹spread of the answers66seeds drawn8the residual is small at every markand none of the marks means anything

A and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-8 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 1.8·10⁻⁹ — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 3.7·10¹⁰ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 66.4, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.

logEps: -2

The arguments are the ones A problem with no answer passes. A value drawn at the generator's defaults instead would be a picture no essay asked for and no assertion has been run against.

Eigenvalues of a singular 6×6 pencil after a perturbation of 10^-2, over 8 seedsA and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-2 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 9.63·10⁻⁴ — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 6·10⁴ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 58.1, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.-39-26-1301326390123456789computed eigenvalueseedevery mark has a residual below 10⁻⁸a small residual, and no answercoefficients of det(A − λB)0worst residual over all seeds9.6·10⁻⁴spread of the answers58seeds drawn8the residual is small at every markand none of the marks means anything

A and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-2 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 9.63·10⁻⁴ — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 6·10⁴ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 58.1, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.

logEps: -14

The arguments are the ones A problem with no answer passes. A value drawn at the generator's defaults instead would be a picture no essay asked for and no assertion has been run against.

Eigenvalues of a singular 6×6 pencil after a perturbation of 10^-14, over 8 seedsA and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-14 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 2.11·10⁻¹⁵ — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 1.9·10²³ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 4.1·10⁸, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.-40-27-14-11225380123456789computed eigenvalueseedevery mark has a residual below 10⁻⁸a small residual, and no answercoefficients of det(A − λB)0worst residual over all seeds2.1·10⁻¹⁵spread of the answers4.1·10⁸seeds drawn8the residual is small at every markand none of the marks means anything

A and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-14 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 2.11·10⁻¹⁵ — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 1.9·10²³ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 4.1·10⁸, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.

logEps: -5

The arguments are the ones A problem with no answer passes. A value drawn at the generator's defaults instead would be a picture no essay asked for and no assertion has been run against.

Eigenvalues of a singular 6×6 pencil after a perturbation of 10^-5, over 8 seedsA and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-5 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 1.36·10⁻⁶ — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 4.5·10⁷ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 61.5, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.-40-27-14-11225380123456789computed eigenvalueseedevery mark has a residual below 10⁻⁸a small residual, and no answercoefficients of det(A − λB)0worst residual over all seeds1.4·10⁻⁶spread of the answers62seeds drawn8the residual is small at every markand none of the marks means anything

A and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-5 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 1.36·10⁻⁶ — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 4.5·10⁷ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 61.5, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.

logEps: -11

The arguments are the ones A problem with no answer passes. A value drawn at the generator's defaults instead would be a picture no essay asked for and no assertion has been run against.

Eigenvalues of a singular 6×6 pencil after a perturbation of 10^-11, over 8 seedsA and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-11 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 1.89·10⁻¹² — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 2.2·10¹⁶ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 40800, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.-40-27-14-11225380123456789computed eigenvalueseedevery mark has a residual below 10⁻⁸a small residual, and no answercoefficients of det(A − λB)0worst residual over all seeds1.9·10⁻¹²spread of the answers4.1·10⁴seeds drawn8the residual is small at every markand none of the marks means anything

A and B share a null vector, so det(A − λB) is identically zero and every λ is an eigenvalue: the question has no answer. Perturbing by 10^-11 makes the pencil regular, and a solver then returns 6 eigenvalues with residuals no larger than 1.89·10⁻¹² — small by any standard a caller would apply, and 2.2·10¹⁶ times smaller than the disagreement between seeds. Each row here is one seed. No two rows agree, the values are spread over 40800, and nothing in the output distinguishes this from a well-posed problem. The only thing that says so is the exact characteristic polynomial, which has no coefficients at all.

What it checked while drawing

Every figure above asserted its own claims on the way to being drawn, and a claim that failed would have failed the build rather than drawn a wrong picture. Those assertions used to leave no trace at all: a passing one returned true and the only evidence the figure had checked anything was that nothing crashed. The list below is what they actually said, collected by running this generator with an observer installed — not a description of what it is believed to check.

10 distinct claims across 6 sets of arguments, grouped below by shape — because most of them are one sentence with a different number in it, and how many separate times that sentence was put to the test is the informative part.

a pencil small enough for the exact determinant

a perturbation inside the range the figure is about

a power of ten rather than an exponent literal

an integer entry, which is what makes the exact route exact

and the disagreement is orders larger than the residual

det(A − λB) is identically zero, exactly

every computed eigenvalue of the perturbed pencil has a small residual

LU is for square matrices

matmul shapes agree

while the answers disagree between seeds by more than any of them is large

Against the rule

It draws a decomposition and prints its residual. It calls scatterSweep, and every figure above carries the badge — which residualcheck verifies by looking for it in the emitted SVG rather than by finding the call that builds one. A badge that is constructed and then left out of the body is the failure that check exists for.

Across the library: the rule bites on 113 of 219 generators — 98 print a residual and 15 are exempt with a published reason; 106 factorise nothing. Read from lib/residual-rule.js, which is the same body the gate enforces from, and the gate's last check fails the build if this page and it disagree about any generator.

Where it is called

Changing this generator changes every figure on this list. That is what makes the list worth publishing rather than keeping in a check script.

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